Hiatal hernia

Sliding hernia (axial type): 95%
- GEJ is aboe the diaphragm
- Reflux is more likely with larger hernias
- May be reducible in erect position
Paraesophageal hernia
- GEJ is in its normal position
- Part of the fundus is herniated above the diaphragm through esophageal hiatus and lies to the side of the esophagus
- Not reflux
- More prone to mechanical complications
- Usually nonreducible

*Gastric folds aboe diaphragm
*B line above diaphragm
*Schatzki's ring above diaphragm

%Esophagitis
%Duodenal ulcers